|
tradotto da
| http://www.linux.com/firststep/index.phtml |
First of all, recognize that you no longer have to grapple with Linux installation. Several major PC makers will now sell you machines with Linux presintalled, and there are Linux-specific hardware companies that specialize in Linux machines.
Still, the most common path to Linux is to install one of the standard distributions on your PC. In the near future we plan to bring you installation guides to each of the major distributions. We'll also investigate what's under the hood of the install process, showing you how to do a distributionless install.
For now, though, we'll start with two documents. The first is the Linux Installation How-to, part of the Linux Documentation project. This document originated with Matt Welsh, who wrote the first edition of O'Reilly's Running Linux. That book served as the definitive guide to Linux in the early days. The current version of the How-to has been written, and is mained, by Eric S. Raymond. Eric is one of the philosophical elders of the open source community, and an all around great technical writer. His How-to makes an effort to provide a distribution neutral description of the key points of Linux installation. It's readable, informative, and open source; so we mirror it here.
The other document we present is an installation guide to one of the major Linux distributions, namely Debian GNU/Linux. We've picked Debian for several reasons.
First, Debian is the purest example of open source Linux. Debian is an organization of volunteers, not a commercial company. When you support Debian your supporting open source volunteerism at its best. The software that makes up the Debian distribution is licensed in accordance with the Open Source Definition and the Debian Social Contract, making it purely open source.
Second, Debian uses a very cool upgrade technology called "apt-get", making the upgrade path for Debian very smooth. Apt-get works with a database of installed packages and a record of dependencies to keep and update a software map of your system. More importantly, apt-get coordinates this software map with online archives, enabling you to effortlessly upgrade your Debian system over the Internet.
Finally, good open source documentation for Debian is available. The Debian web site itself has a comprehensive guide to installation that should serve experienced Linux users well. For beginners, O'Reilly & Associates has published a book written by Bill McCarty titled Learning Debian GNU/Linux. The book is licensed under the Open Publication License, enabling us to mirror its content here on Linux.com. We've included excerpts of the key material on installation here, but the book contains a wealth of other useful information for beginners, as well as a Debian CD.
Continue to Eric Raymond's Installation How-to or to Bill McCarty's Learning Debian/GNU Linux.